천태종에서 원교(圓敎)의 수도상 계위(階位)를 6단으로 나눈 것. 이 6단은 사람의 수행상에서 미오(迷悟)의 차별이 있음을 표시한 것일 뿐, 수행의 대상인 실상(實相)의 이치에서는 미ㆍ오가 둘이 아닌 것이므로 6즉이라 함. (1) 이즉(理卽). 불성진여(佛性眞如)를 갖추고서도 알지 못하여 아무런 수행도 하지 않고, 생사에 윤회(輪廻)하는 위(位). (2) 명자즉(名字卽). 일체가 모두 부처인 것을 교시(敎示)하였지만, 내 몸이 곧 부처라는 것을 이름으로만 아는 위. (3) 관행즉(觀行卽). 처음 관지(觀智)로 10승관법(乘觀法)을 닦으면서 겸행육도(兼行六度)와 정행육도(正行六度) 등의 수행으로서 조성(助成)하여 원묘(圓妙)한 이치와 상응하는 위. 5품위(品位)에 해당. (4) 상사즉(相似卽). 수행의 공을 쌓아서 진지(眞智)와 비슷한 지혜를 내는 위. 원교 10신의 위에 해당. (5) 분진즉(分眞卽). 또는 분증즉(分證卽). 1분씩 무명을 파하고 1분씩 본유(本有)의 불성을 증현(證顯)하는 위, 원교의 10주(住)ㆍ10행(行)ㆍ10회향(廻向)ㆍ10지(地)ㆍ등각(等覺)의 41위에 해당. (6) 구경즉(究竟卽). 본유의 불성 전부가 나타나 끊을 혹(惑)도 없고 증(證)할 지혜도 없는 구경원만한 위, 묘각위(妙覺位)에 해당. 곧 불과(佛果).
■ 영-중-일-범-팔-불어 관련-퀴즈 [wiki-bud]Buddhism in Guatemala [san-chn]
krrūra 修調 [san-eng]
āyuṣkāraka $ 범어 Significator of Longevity whic is Saturn [pali-chn]
vāyo 三十八行處 [pal-eng]
lapi $ 팔리어 aor. of lapatispoke; talked; prattled. [Eng-Ch-Eng]
中觀論疏 The Zhongguan lun shou; T 1824.42.1a-169b. [Muller-jpn-Eng]
寶性論 ホウショウロン (title) Jewel-Nature Treatise [Glossary_of_Buddhism-Eng]
BUDDHIST COUNCILS☞ “Assemblies of monks held after Shakyamuni’s death to compile and confirm the Buddha’s teachings in order to preserve and transmit them correctly. It is said that four such councils were held during the four hundred years immediately following the Buddha’s death.” “The First Council was held at Rajagriha (India) immediately after the passing of the Buddha, the Venerable Kasyapa presiding. The Scriptures were recited by all, Ananda leading with the doctrine (sutras) and Upali with the Rules of the Order (precepts). The Second Council was held at Vaisali about 100 years later. Its purpose was to resolve a dispute within the Buddhist community over illicit monastic behavior. The Third Council was held in the reign of Asoka at Pataliputra (Patna) about 250 B.C. Here the Canon was fixed, though not reduced to writing until the first century B.C. in Ceylon (Theravada canon). About 100 A.D. a Fourth Council was held in Kashmir under the patronage of King Kanishka, but as the doctrines promulgated were exclusively Mahayana, this council is not recognized by all Buddhists. At that Council, five hundred monks revised the canon and established a definitive Mahayana version. The Fifth Council was held in 1871 at the instance of King Mindon of Burma, when the Theravada Tripitika was carved on 729 marble slabs and preserved at Mandalay. The Sixth Great Council was opened in Rangoon at Vesak, 1954, and sat until 1956 when Buddha Jayanti (Observance of the 2,500th year of the Buddha era) opened. Meetings were held in a huge hall built specially near Rangoon in imitation of the Saptaparna Cave: 2,500 Bhikkhus took part in checking the entire Pali Canon.” I. First Buddhist Council: “The Rajagrha (Rajagriha) council, thought to be the first of its kind in Indian Buddhist history, convened in the year of Buddha’s death to establish the Dharma and Vinaya (precepts). Fearful that the community would dissolve through uncertainty over Buddha’s teachings, the Sangha decided to hold a council, generally thought to have occurred in 483 B.C., to preclude that possibility. King Bimbisara, one of the Buddha’s royal patrons, donated the site in his capital city of Rajagrha, thus accounting for the name of the council. Kasyapa, a senior leading monk of the time who was appointed president of the council, selected 500 Arhat monks to participate in the proceedings. Buddha’s disciple Upali recited all of the disciplinary rules, known as the Vinaya Pitaka, fixing that portion of the Buddhist canon. Ananda, Buddha’s personal attendant, recited all Buddha’s discourses, establishing the Sutra Pitaka. Other business was conducted as well, with the council referring to itself as the ‘Chanting of the Vinaya’. Functionally, it marks an important event in the history of the community, for it establishes authority for the group in the absence of its charismatic leader, while at the same time reinforcing communal solidarity.” Preb: 101-102 II. Council – Mahayana: “Council held around 100 A.D. under the reign of the Indian King Kaniska. Near the end of the first century when Kaniska assumed the throne of the Kushana (Kusana) Dynasty, he tried to imitate the style of the great Indian ruler Asoka, while supporting the Sarvastivadin school (a precursor of the Mahayana). It was suggested to Kaniska that invitations be sent to all the learned Buddhists of the era to attend a council to be convened in Gandhara. A great scholar named Vasumitra was made president of the council, consisting of 499 monks, and he was assisted by the learned Asvaghosa. In addition to compiling a new Vinaya, they prepared a commentary called the Mahavibhasa. This work was to become the standard reference work for all Sarvastivadin Abhidharma issues. It can be said that this council fulfilled the same role in Sarvastivadin history that Asoka’s council (Third Buddhist Council) did for Theravadin history … The school possessed a complete canon in Sanskrit, much of which is preserved today in Sanskrit fragments, as well as Chinese and Tibetan translations.” Preb: 98-99; 234 III. Most Recent Buddhist Council: “Reckoned to be the sixth Theravada council, held in Rangoon in 1954-1956 to recite and confirm the whole Pali Canon. This council was convened so as to coincide in proximity with the celebration of the 2500th anniversary of Buddha’s death. The Prime Minister of Burma,
27 일체 중생의 정기가 사업을 잘 이루도록 증장시키며, 시 례, 諀<匹里反>隸<二十七> bhire, (~!~) 윤회에 얽매이지 않고 법륜을 펼쳐,
『대승대집지장십륜경』
♣0057-001♧
66 만약 이 다라니를 이름만 들어도 오히려 무량겁토록 나고 죽으면서 지은 큰 죄[生死重罪]가 없어질 것인데 하물며 외우고 지니는 이이겠는가. 만약 이 다라니를 얻어서 읽고 외우는 이는 마땅히 알라. 이미 일찍히 무량한 모든 부처님께 공양하여 널리 선근을 심었나니라. ● 자길라아실타야(자길라아싯다야) 者吉囉阿悉陁夜<六六十> ca k rā sid dhā ya
『불설천수천안관세음보살광대원만무애대비심다라니경』
♣0294-001♧
6 사먀- 아 아나 나 娑弭野<二合>誐<引>惹拏<二合>曩<六>
『성관자재보살일백팔명경』
♣1122-001♧
